Evidence supports the secretion of S100A4 by inflammatory cells of the liver [132], but whether S100A4 has per se an important pathophysiological role in the development of hepatic inflammation, or whether the observed effect of S100A4 constitutive deletion on liver inflammation is the consequence of deep metabolic alterations in other peripheral organs such as the adipose tissues, remains to be clarified. The gene discussed is S100A4; the disease is inflammation.