TNF and uterine cervix carcinoma in situ: When TNF-alpha, sFAS, and TRAIL proteins were measured in the cervical fluid, there were no differences between groups in the content of sFAS and TNF-alpha; however, local levels of TRAIL were dramatically diminished in all HPV16/18-infected groups of females (with no lesions, CIN I-II, and CIN-III stages) (Figure 3B).