INS and steatosis: In the same in vitro model, the correlation of long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) with steatosis and the beneficial effect of Ex-4 were also reported, as functional enrichment analysis demonstrated that Ex-4 mediated many important pathways, such as fatty acid and pyruvate metabolism, as well as insulin, PPAR, Wnt, TGF-β, mTOR, VEGF, NOD-like, and Toll-like receptor signaling pathways [32].