PEBP1 and cancer: In particular, histone deacetylase inhibitors have been shown to increase RKIP mRNA levels in some cancer types; however the opposite affect has also been observed, likely due to the activation of BTB domain and CNC homolog 1 (BACH1) by the histone deacetylase, which acts as a transcription factor that suppresses the expression of RKIP [168].