GDF15 and benign prostatic hyperplasia: In PCa of different GS, the density of GDF-15+ cells in ET and IT regions together, were significantly 51-fold (p ≤ 0.05) [GS6], 110-fold (p ≤ 0.01) [GS7], 129-fold [GS8], and 125-fold (p ≤ 0.05) [GS9] higher than in BPH (Figure 2B).