A 4-gene signature based on ICC/IDC CAF markers: CTHRC1, ASPN, FAP, and ENG (CAFÉ CAF), showed a significant association with worse prostate cancer progression-free survival in the TCGA PanCancer Atlas prostate adenocarcinoma cohort74 and worse disease-free survival in the MSKCC Prostate Adenocarcinoma cohort75 (Fig. 5k, l). Here, ASPN is linked to prostate cancer.