AKT1 and diabetes mellitus: We found that in the Akt2fl/fl samples, diabetes increased the level of phospho-Akt2 (but not total Akt2) and increased the ratio of phospho-NF-κB p65/total NF-κB p65, while decreasing phospho-Akt1 and the proportion of phospho-GSK3β/total GSK3β as compared to Akt2fl/fl nondiabetic controls (Fig. 9e–j).