Besides, a wrong lifestyle may produce an excessively positive caloric balance, thus causing insulin resistance by enhancing visceral adipose tissue and consequently releasing a much higher level of free fatty acids, TNF-α, adipokines and hyperglycemia which will lead to increased inflammation, endothelial dysfunction and, as a consequence to increased prevalence of diabetes complications and in particular retinopathy [40]. Here, TNF is linked to endothelial dysfunction.