MTOR and nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma: Oguro-Ando et al. (2015) showed that the overexpression of CYFIP1 in mammals dysregulated the mTOR signaling pathway. After treatment with rapamycin, the morphological abnormalities of neurons arising due to CYFIP1 overexpression were rescued in mice. Quantitative studies have shown that patients with renal tumors (ccRCC) benefitted from treatment with mTOR inhibitors such as everolimus and temsirolimus (Voss et al., 2014; Dong et al., 2019).