To identify a NET-relevant signature for HNSCC, the 69-gene NET-initial biomarkers were applied in the uniCox regression analysis in the TCGA-HNSCC training set, and we found 12 NET-associated genes with prognostic potential in HNSCC, including KCNJ15, CREB5, MME, F3, IL6, CXCL8, SELP, VNN3, CTSG, KCNN3, SELPLG, and IL17A, where the hazard ratio (HR) originated from uniCox regression analysis for each gene was included (Figure 1A). The gene discussed is CTSG; the disease is head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.