NOS2 and liver disorder: In liver disease, emodin can effectively reduce the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in the liver, including TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), integrin alpha M, chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2), macrophage inflammatory protein 2 (MIP-2), and chemokine (CXC motif) receptor 2 [60].