BRAF and melanoma: Various factors have been considered to involve in melanoma progression [4], namely genetic alteration in multiple genes (oncogenic and tumor suppressor genes) such as cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (CDKN2A), melanocortin receptor (MC1R), cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4), Ras, and BRAF (v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1) genes.