Indeed, in melanoma, VM is induced upon redox-dependent stabilisation of HIF-1α [173] These studies demonstrating the hypoxia-induced VM and VM-associated genes also highlight the critical role exerted by hypoxia in tumour migration since it also activates MMP-2 and MMP-9, thus promoting tumour cell invasion to adjacent tissue [174]. The gene discussed is MMP9; the disease is neoplasm.