CALR and carcinoma of esophagus: PTP1B promotes tumor survival under hypoxia condition through regulating RNF213 (ring finger protein) to control non-mitochondrial oxygen consumption.[32] Calreticulin regulates PTP1B transcription through Stat5a to induce metastatic phenotypesin in esophagus carcinoma cells.[33] These different mechanisms might produce different prognostic effects of PTPN on solid tumors.