The comparison of biomarker performance between CSF and plasma revealed an almost identical accuracy for NfL in the discrimination between FTD and AD, PSP, or CBS, with CSF NfL performing slightly better only in the distinction between FTD and DLB (AUC 0.831 vs. 0.756, p = 0.020) (Additional file 1: Fig. S3). The gene discussed is NEFL; the disease is frontotemporal dementia.