ARG1 and infection: There are many markers in M2-like microglia, such as CD206, increased arginase 1 (Arg-1), TGF-β, insulin growth factor 1 (IGF-1), IL-10, and others, and they secrete anti-inflammatory cytokines and neurotrophic factors, such as IL-10β, brain- and glial cell-derived neurotrophic factors, and Arg-1, the expression of factors such as IGF-1, thereby inhibiting inflammation (42), involved in tissue repair, cell debris removal, tissue remodeling, the provision of nutritional factors, and the maintenance of tissue dynamics after infection or injury (43, 44).