Multivariate analysis showed that tumor size (OR =1.138, 95%CI=1.006–1.288, P=0.041), occurrence of multiple tumors (OR=4.374, 95% CI = 1.189–16.089, P=0.026), platelet count (OR =0.99, 95%CI=0.980–0.999, P=0.036), and high ARG1 levels (OR=0.209, 95%CI=0.079–0.551, P=0.002) were independent predictors of early TACE refractoriness (Table 2). The gene discussed is ARG1; the disease is neoplasm.