Through a study in Xinjiang Han and Kazakh populations in China, it was found that ALDH2 rs671 (G>A) is not only closely related to the susceptibility to ESCC in Kazak populations but also significantly correlated with poor prognosis of EC in both Kazak and Han ethnic groups (Liu et al., 2018). The gene discussed is ALDH2; the disease is esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.