TNF and Insulin resistance: On the other hand, Ozato et al. (120) showed that Blautia is inversely associated with visceral fat area in women, and Benítez-Páez et al. (121) detected decreased incidence of Blautia species in obese children, which was more pronounced in cases of both obesity and insulin resistance and increased proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, as IFN-γ and TNF-α in their feces.