TGFB1 and neoplasm: M2 macrophages can be further classified into different subtypes, namely M2a (mediated by IL4 and IL13), M2b (mediated by immune complexes (IC) with LPS or IL1R ligand), M2c (mediated by TGFB1, IL10, and glucocorticoids), and M2d (activated by tumor-associated factors, the major part of TAMs) (44, 45).