ENG and diabetic kidney disease: Several studies have identified that endoglin plays a pivotal role in cardiac fibrosis of different heart failure models and targeting endoglin attenuates cardiac fibrosis (Kapur et al., 2012; Lin et al., 2016; Shyu, 2017); Endoglin has also been found to be upregulated in renal biopsy samples from patients with diabetic nephropathy and in renal fibrosis models, including unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) and radiation-induced nephropathy (Rodriguez-Pena et al., 2002; Scharpfenecker et al., 2009; Munoz-Felix et al., 2014).