Search strategy and selection criteria for references for the present Review were identified through PubMed using the following search terms and their combination: “SARS-CoV-2”, “pneumonia”, “COVID-19”, “ARDS”, “hyperinflammation”, “cytokine storm”, “NLRP3”, “inflammasome”, “IL-1” from December, 2019 until April, 2022. This evidence concerns the gene IL1B and acute respiratory distress syndrome.