DUSP22 and steatosis: Given the significant changes in DUSP22 expression in fatty liver, an in vitro model was then established using adenovirus-mediated shDUSP22 knockdown (Ad-shDUSP22) and adenovirus-mediated DUSP22 overexpression (Ad-DUSP22) vectors to initially investigate the regulatory effects of DUSP22 on hepatic steatosis in L02 cells cultured in CM-containing serum from NASH or No-steatosis individuals, and firstly DUSP22 deletion or overexpression had no significant influences on the expression alterations of other DUSPs (Supplementary Fig. 4a–g).