In summary, the findings of this study demonstrate that miR-133a-3p is involved in ovary IR in granulosa cells of obese PCOS ovaries via PI3K/AKT signaling. Thus, this study contributes to our understanding of the functional role and the underlying mechanism of miR-133a-3p in ovary IR, which have important reference value for the development of drugs for ovary insulin sensitization and the expansion of clinical obesity PCOS treatment. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is polycystic ovary syndrome.