CD4 and infectious disease: In addition, given the high burden of infectious diseases in many low-incomesettings these results support the recommendationfor continued CTXp for all women ofchildbearing age regardless of the CD4+ cellcount [42–44].Our findings areconsistent with previous studies showing that older age and ART regimen (AZT/3TC/NVP and AZT/3TC/LPV/r or ABC) are risk factors for presenting AHD [12, 35, 36], and also with reports showing that older age and being on WHO ClinicalStage IV  were risk factors for “less than expected improvement in CD4 cell counts” [29, 48].