HIF1A and cancer: From Western blot analysis, it was also found that the expression level of HIF-1α was significantly increased after cancer cells administered with sevoflurane (NC vs. S, 1.0 ± 0.3 vs. 1.5 ± 0.5, p = 0.045, n = 6), but significantly decreased after propofol treatment compared to the control (NC vs. S, 1.0 ± 0.3 vs. 0.4 ± 0.3, p = 0.037, n = 6) (Fig. 4f).