SMAD3 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: Here, we evidenced hyperactivation of SMAD3 in human MNTs of NSCLC biopsies by confocal microscopy (Fig. 5A), and the association between macrophage-specific Smad3 and the abundance of MNTs in the human NSCLC (*P = 0.023, r = 0.1965, n = 102) by Opal multiplex immunohistostaining (Fig. 5B).