Taking into account their functions, it well appears how a prolonged and intense stimulation of TRPV1 and TRPV4 plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of some airway diseases, such as chronic cough and asthma, as well as viral-mediated airway damage, since TRPV1 and TRPV4 are both involved into host–pathogen contacts including the binding, entry and replication of the viruses (81, 82). This evidence concerns the gene TRPV4 and asthma.