Most importantly, it has been reported that hsa-miR-4443 is implicated in atrial fibrillation regulation; that is, in atrial fibrillation, hsa-miR-4443 regulates TGF-β1/α-SMA/collagen signaling via targeting THBS1, thereby inhibiting cardiac fibroblast proliferation [43]. Here, ACTA1 is linked to atrial fibrillation.