PPARA and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: Peptococcus and Romboutsia were positively, while Ruminiclostridiun-6 and Muribaculum were negatively correlated with SCFA. The butyrate content was much lower in the NAFLD patients. OH group had a significantly greater expression of the lipid intake related gene VLDLR, and lower expression of the lipid oxidation related genes, PPAR-α and ACAA.