In addition, some biomarkers related to the pathogenesis of DN, such as kidney injury molecule 1 (Kim-1), neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-2, insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 7 (IGFBP-7), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1), and inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, MCP-1, and ILs (IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-18, IL-10), have also attracted significant attention [24, 25]. Here, VEGFA is linked to liver dysplastic nodule.