Although Pkd1 and Pkd2 are direct miR-17-5p targets, miR-17-5p upregulated by c-Myc was also able to enhance proliferation in cystic kidneys from Pkd1 knockout (KO) ADPKD models, at least in part, by inhibiting mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation through repressing Pparα (Hajarnis et al., 2017). The gene discussed is PKD1; the disease is autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.