Increased miR-132-3p in ADPKD was shown to increase mitochondrial superoxide levels by directly repressing its target gene Foxo3a. This transcription factor regulates the expression of Gatm to induce reactive oxygen species accumulation in ADPKD (Ishimoto et al., 2017), indicating that oxidative stress might be one of the key factors in the pathogenesis of ADPKD. This evidence concerns the gene FOXO3 and autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.