In concordance with the above, weight loss of a magnitude obtainable with bariatric surgery, or with newer agents such as semaglutide (Enebo et al., 2021; Wilding et al., 2021) or the GIP/GLP-1 dual receptor agonist tirzepatide (Rosenstock et al., 2021; Jastreboff et al., 2022), have been shown to be associated with lower risk of incident HF and to improve established severe HF (Sundström et al., 2017; Kindel and Strande, 2018; Aminian et al., 2020; Yang et al., 2020). This evidence concerns the gene GLP1R and hydrops fetalis.