CTLA4 and neoplasm: PD-1, CTLA4, LAG3, and TIM-3 are four ICPs that are frequently examined in the clinic, and inhibitors targeting these factors have shown potent tumor-killing effects in a variety of tumors (Sun et al., 2021; Yang et al., 2021; Gaikwad et al., 2022; Tian et al., 2022).