Nuytemans et al. (2008) screened 304 Belgian PD patients (18.1% familial and 81.9% sporadic) and 278 controls for mutations in exons 29-31 and 38-44. They identified 6 carriers of the p.Arg1441Cys mutation that constituted 10.7% of familial PD cases. p.Arg1441Cys was also found in two patients from the UK (Tan et al., 2019). Pchelina et al. (2008) provided one of the first screenings for LRRK2 mutations in the Russian population and identified one p.Arg1441Cys sporadic PD carrier. Here, LRRK2 is linked to Parkinson disease.