Between the two groups, there was no statistical difference in the cells cultured with only a medium (p = 0.5722), but compared to the GDM group, the control group produced significantly greater amounts of IL-17, both when cells were stimulated with anti-CD3/anti-CD28 (p = 0.0052), and with STAg (p = 0.0266) (Figure 6C). The gene discussed is CD28; the disease is gestational diabetes.