Furthermore, the TK1 protein levels in sub-classified HMs, such as multiple myelomas (MM, n = 12; mean ± SD = 0.51±0.34 and median = 0.41 ng/mL), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL, n = 48; mean ± SD = 0.65±0.68 and median = 0.41 ng/mL), myeloid dysplastic syndrome (MDS, n = 16; mean ± SD = 1.50±4.1 and median = 0.35 ng/mL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML, n = 12; mean ± SD = 9.40±14.1 and median = 1.50 ng/mL) were significantly higher compared to blood donors (Fig 6C). Here, TK1 is linked to plasma cell myeloma.