In 2020, the World Health Organisation (WHO) Consolidated Guideline on Tuberculosis [1] and in 2022 the Clinical Standards for TB Infection recommend that testing for and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) should be undertaken in high-risk groups (household contact > 5 years old and other risks groups including silicosis, dialysis, anti-TNF agent treatment, preparation for transplantation or other risks in national guidelines) for prevention of active TB. Here, TNF is linked to tuberculosis.