TLR3 and Alzheimer disease: Unedited Alu RNAs can form dsRNAs recognized by dsRNA sensors, RIG-I, MDA5, TLR3 and others and stimulate IRF and NF-κB transcriptional responses.23,25,26 We identified numerous highly expressed Alu RNAs that were edited in the NCI HPC vasculature cohort but were unedited in the Alzheimer’s disease HPC vasculature cohort.