MPO and ischemia: According to the data on the number of CD68− and MPO-immunoreactive cells, we found that 72 h after ischemia, CD68+ microglia/macrophages and MPO+ neutrophils were observed in the infarcted area, but the infiltration of these two kinds of cells was significantly inhibited in the two groups of mice transplanted with female microbiota, while the opposite was true in the mice transplanted with male microbiota (Fig. 7B).