In humans, Epo monotherapy for neonatal encephalopathy has been tested in small clinical trials in settings where TH was not available.102,103 These studies suggest short-term neurodevelopmental benefit after high-dose Epo over the first 5 days of life or three times per week for 2–4 weeks, or long-term benefit with every other day dosing for 2 weeks. The gene discussed is EPO; the disease is neonatal encephalopathy.