TNF and endothelial dysfunction: In a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled 12-week trial of 81 Caucasian women, supplementation with a compound probiotic consisting of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Lactococcus, Streptococcus, and Enterococcus reduced systolic blood pressure, IL-6, TNF-α, thrombomodulin, and other parameters associated with endothelial dysfunction.