In a study of probiotic supplementation on insulin resistance in pregnant women with diet-controlled gestational diabetes, after taking a compound probiotics supplement consisting of Lactobacillus acidophilus (1×109 CFU/day) and Bifidobacterium bifidum (1×109 CFU/day) for four weeks, it significantly reduced fasting glucose and increased insulin sensitivity in women with gestational diabetes [141]. Here, INS is linked to gestational diabetes.