Our results showed that the expressions of IL-10 and TGF-β in PMN-MDSCs derived from BPD group were significantly lower than non-BPD preterm infants group, suggesting that the ability to secrete anti-inflammatory cytokines is also decline in peripheral blood PMN-MDSCs of BPD infants with a certain functional defect. The gene discussed is IL10; the disease is bronchopulmonary dysplasia.