NSCLC accounts for approximately 85% of lung cancers, and PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors alone or combined with chemotherapy are the first-line palliative treatment for unresectable NSCLC and have been incorporated into neoadjuvant therapy for resectable patients with NSCLC [2, 3]. The gene discussed is PDCD1; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.