HK1 and hepatocellular carcinoma: Analysis of publicly available single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data revealed that in healthy livers, hepatocytes express a relatively low level of HK1, whereas HSCs are the major cell type that expresses HK1. In HCC samples, the expression of HK1 in HCC cells was much lower than that in HSCs or fibroblasts (Extended Data Fig. 3b).