ERN1 and COVID-19: In 2022, Galli ́s group demonstrated that SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in VERO‐E6 cells stimulated the expression of the ER stress signaling protein IRE‐1α [163], and that IRE‐1α activation in SARS‐CoV‐2 infected cells is associated with the inflammatory response (NF‐kB activation and pro‐inflammatory cytokine induction), which are key pathogenic events in COVID‐19.