There is some evidence that activated PMNs induce apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells [10,11,24]; PMN recruitment and activation during Salmonella infection in PMN-HIOs may result in enhanced epithelial cell shedding independently of PMN Caspase-1 to increase the rate of cell turnover and thereby reduce the association of bacteria with the apical surface of the epithelium. This evidence concerns the gene CASP1 and Salmonella Infections.