Further, we found that amino acids, including Valyl-Arginine, Phe-Phe, Phe-Trp, Ala-Trp-Arg-Lys, and immune factor, IL-1β, could mediate the relationship between species belonging to Prevotella and insomnia, indicating that Prevotella may affect sleep by regulating amino acid metabolism and promote inflammatory. Here, IL1B is linked to insomnia measurement.