Predictors included common indicators of altered immune systems based on white blood cell (WBC) (x 109/L) and CD4+ T-cell count, anemia based on red blood cell count (RBC) (x 1012/L), age, gender, 18S copy number/μL, Pfs25 ddPCR concentration, and PfMGET ddPCR concentration. This evidence concerns the gene CD4 and anemia (phenotype).