INSR and Hepatic fibrosis: The gut microbiota and associated metabolites reach the liver via the intestinal barrier gaps with portal blood flow, and these are involved in the liver fibrosis process via Toll-like receptors (TLRs), nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor (NLR)-mediated innate immunity, and T cell receptor immune repertoire (TCR IR)-mediated adaptive immune pathways involved in liver fibrosis (Seki and Schnabl, 2012; Mridha et al., 2017; Liang et al., 2020).